Home Image credits

Image credits

Where the pictures on this site come from, and what we did to them.

The plates and photographs in our pieces are historical illustrations: engravings, etchings, lithographs, botanical and anatomical plates, and period photographs. They are chosen to give a piece some visual footing, not as evidence. No image on this site is a clinical result, a portrait of a patient, or an endorsement by anyone depicted. Captions say what each picture is.

Almost all of them come from the Wellcome Collection (public domain, or CC BY 4.0 with credit) and from Wikimedia Commons (public domain or CC0). Every image has its source, creator and license listed below, and each figure on a page links to its source. We have cropped, resized and recompressed them for the web, and changed nothing else.

The four shelf illustrations and the hammer-and-nails engraving on the home page are different: they were generated with AI in an engraving style, and are labelled that way where they appear. We have not used any AI-generated image in place of a real historical one in a piece.

Piece	Image	Source and license
Ask What Is Driving It Before You Reach for a Fix: Habits First, Medicines as Support In-article image	Hedge nettle or woundwort (Stachys arvensis); flowering stem Wellcome V0044225ER.jpg	Wellcome Collection (via Wikimedia Commons) CC BY 4.0 Cropped and resized
Ask What Is Driving It Before You Reach for a Fix: Habits First, Medicines as Support In-article image	An interior of a busy apothecary shop. Line engraving by C. Wellcome L0002646.jpg Claude LeRoy (1712-1792)	Wellcome Collection (via Wikimedia Commons) CC BY 4.0 Cropped and resized
Ask What Is Driving It Before You Reach for a Fix: Habits First, Medicines as Support In-article image	The Infallible Mountebank, or Quack Doctor (BM 1850,1109.3).jpg	Wikimedia Commons Public domain Cropped and resized
Ask What Is Driving It Before You Reach for a Fix: Habits First, Medicines as Support Lead image	A physician, in his surgery and workshop, examining a urine Wellcome V0016047.jpg After David Teniers the Younger	Wellcome Collection (via Wikimedia Commons) Public domain Cropped and resized
A One-Page Map of What Might Be Driving Your Health: Seven Areas to Write Down In-article image	A new and correct sea chart of the whole world shewing the variations of the compass as they were found in the year M.D.CC. RMG L8261.jpg Edmond Halley; Mount & Page	Wikimedia Commons Public domain Cropped and resized
A One-Page Map of What Might Be Driving Your Health: Seven Areas to Write Down In-article image	Vertebral column with dissections of nerves and blood vessel Wellcome V0007921.jpg	Wellcome Collection (via Wikimedia Commons) CC BY 4.0 Cropped and resized
A One-Page Map of What Might Be Driving Your Health: Seven Areas to Write Down Lead image	Compass rose detail from 1748 Bowen Mariner’s Compass and Armillary Sphere - Geographicus - CircleofWinds-bowen-1747 (cropped).jpg http://www.geographicus.com/mm5/cartographers/bowen.txt	Wikimedia Commons Public domain Cropped and resized
How Habits Hold: NIDDK's Four Stages of Change and a First Step Small Enough to Repeat In-article image	Kalender voor januari tot en met juni, RP-P-1970-464A.jpg Rijksmuseum	Rijksmuseum (via Wikimedia Commons) CC0 Cropped and resized
How Habits Hold: NIDDK's Four Stages of Change and a First Step Small Enough to Repeat In-article image	Clocks; a universal sundial, with a compass. Engraving. Wellcome V0024399EL.jpg	Wellcome Collection (via Wikimedia Commons) CC BY 4.0 Cropped and resized
How Habits Hold: NIDDK's Four Stages of Change and a First Step Small Enough to Repeat Lead image	Ascension de la tour Eiffel par les escaliers.jpg Unknown authorUnknown author	Wikimedia Commons Public domain Cropped and resized
How Much Sleep Do Adults Need? CDC's Ranges, Habits That Help, and When to See a Clinician In-article image	A clergyman reads the sermon with the aid of a magnifying glass to a sleeping congregation while another clergyman ogles a sleeping woman; satire on tedious sermons and the replacement of spirituality by sleep. Mezzotint after W. Hogarth. William Hogarth	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
How Much Sleep Do Adults Need? CDC's Ranges, Habits That Help, and When to See a Clinician In-article image	Fishermen going off to fish by the light of the moon. Engraving by T. Major, 1753, after A. van der Neer. Aert van der Neer; Thomas Major	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
How Much Sleep Do Adults Need? CDC's Ranges, Habits That Help, and When to See a Clinician Lead image	The head and paws of a sleeping lion. Lithograph.	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Snoring or Sleep Apnea? Signs That Are Worth Asking a Clinician About In-article image	The larynx and other organs in the neck. Lithograph by J. Maclise, 1841/1844. Joseph Maclise	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Snoring or Sleep Apnea? Signs That Are Worth Asking a Clinician About In-article image	Parts of the jaw, tongue and larynx: five figures. Line engraving by A. Bell after W. Cowper and G.B. Morgagni, 1798. William Cowper; Andrew Bell; Giovanni Battista Morgagni	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Snoring or Sleep Apnea? Signs That Are Worth Asking a Clinician About Lead image	A convalescing woman trying in vain to rouse her slumbering hired nurse: the cat scavenges her food and the candle sets light to the carpet. Coloured etching by N. Heideloff, 1807, after T. Rowlandson. Thomas Rowlandson; Nicolaus Innocentius Wilhelm Clemens van Heideloff	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Does Walking Count as Exercise? CDC Says Brisk Walking Is Moderate Aerobic Activity In-article image	People walk on the pavement below women pushing prams on an alternative pavement above. Wood engraving by P.A..	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Does Walking Count as Exercise? CDC Says Brisk Walking Is Moderate Aerobic Activity In-article image	Road to Rangoon, Burma. Coloured aquatint by William Daniell after James Kershaw, c. 1831. Kershaw, James; William Daniell	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Does Walking Count as Exercise? CDC Says Brisk Walking Is Moderate Aerobic Activity Lead image	John Mountjoy, a pedestrian. Coloured line engraving.	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Strength Work After Fifty: CDC Recommends Muscle-Strengthening on at Least 2 Days a Week In-article image	The muscles of the human body, first layer, seen from the front, after Albinus. Engraving by Benard, late 18th century. Jan Wandelaar; Bernhard Siegfried Albinus; Jean Le Rond d'Alembert; Denis Diderot; Jacques Renaud Benard	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Strength Work After Fifty: CDC Recommends Muscle-Strengthening on at Least 2 Days a Week In-article image	Men from the Aldershot Gymnasium performing a gymnastic exercise on the parallel bar. Process print by PN after W. Gregory & Co., 1895. W. Gregory & Co.	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Strength Work After Fifty: CDC Recommends Muscle-Strengthening on at Least 2 Days a Week Lead image	Men are performing a variety of gymnastic and physical exercises. Photolithograph.	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
A Way of Eating You Can Keep: CDC's Prevention Pattern and Three Small Swaps In-article image	A large undercover market in Newcastle-upon-Tyne with stalls selling fruit and vegetables. Steel engraving by W. Collard after J. Dobson. John Dobson; Collard, William	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
A Way of Eating You Can Keep: CDC's Prevention Pattern and Three Small Swaps In-article image	A vegetable farmer has the panniers on his donkey loaded with vegetables. Coloured lithograph by La Sirena.	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
A Way of Eating You Can Keep: CDC's Prevention Pattern and Three Small Swaps Lead image	Marché des Innocents, Paris: stalls selling fruit and vegetables, and the Fontaine des Innocents. Wood engraving, 18--.	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
How Much Protein Do You Need? Why There Is No One Number for Every Body In-article image	Two sections of diseased kidney. Colour aquatint by W. Say after F. R. Say for Richard Bright, 1827. Say, Frederick Richard, 1827-1860.; William Say; Richard Bright	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
How Much Protein Do You Need? Why There Is No One Number for Every Body In-article image	Fish, eels, shellfish and crustaceans (22 different varieties), lying dead on a table and in baskets. Etching, by G. Van der Gucht after P.A. Rysbrack, 1750/1770. Pieter Andreas Rijsbrack; Gerard Vandergucht	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
How Much Protein Do You Need? Why There Is No One Number for Every Body Lead image	Bean plant (Phaseolus sp.): flowering stem with separate fruit and seed. Coloured etching after F.A. von Scheidl, 1770. Scheidl, Franz Anton von, 1731-1801.; Nicolás Joseph Jacquin	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Stress Is a Contributor, Not a Character Flaw: How It Differs From Anxiety and When to Get Help In-article image	An anxious mother checking on her sleeping baby. Coloured lithograph by E. de Barescut after Lebot. Le Bot.; Barescut, Estelle-Félicité-Marie de, b. 19--	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Stress Is a Contributor, Not a Character Flaw: How It Differs From Anxiety and When to Get Help In-article image	A man sitting in a chair while a woman takes his pulse with a group of concerned courtiers gathering around. Line engraving.	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Stress Is a Contributor, Not a Character Flaw: How It Differs From Anxiety and When to Get Help Lead image	A storm at sea, with a sailing ship being wrecked on rocks. Etching by Claude Lorrain, ca. 1635-1640. Claude Lorrain	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
When a Study Is Not Yet Proof: What Animal, Cell and Small Human Studies Can and Can't Show In-article image	Two long-tailed field mice. Etching by W. S. Howitt. Samuel Howitt	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
When a Study Is Not Yet Proof: What Animal, Cell and Small Human Studies Can and Can't Show In-article image	Microscope drawings of plant anatomy with cells and growing points. Lithograph after C. Varley, c.1834. Cornelius Varley	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
When a Study Is Not Yet Proof: What Animal, Cell and Small Human Studies Can and Can't Show Lead image	Optics: four kinds of microscope. Engraving, 1787 [by Goodnight after Milne ?]. Milne.; Goodnight, N. C.	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
How to Weigh a Supplement Claim: Five Questions to Ask Before You Believe the Label In-article image	Baldwin's Small Herb Pills: advertisement. Lithograph, 19--.	Wellcome Collection CC BY 4.0 Cropped and resized
How to Weigh a Supplement Claim: Five Questions to Ask Before You Believe the Label In-article image	Twenty trees, herbs and shrubs of the bible. Chromolithograph, c. 1850. McFarlane & Erskine (Edinburgh, Scotland)	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
How to Weigh a Supplement Claim: Five Questions to Ask Before You Believe the Label In-article image	A quack claims he can cure a man in the three minutes before his train leaves. Process print after J-A. Faivre, 1902. Abel Faivre	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
How to Weigh a Supplement Claim: Five Questions to Ask Before You Believe the Label Lead image	A shelf of bottles containing medicinal chemicals, with dried herbs suspended from a hook. Watercolour by Lucy Pierce. Pierce, Lucy Elizabeth, active 1910-1950	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
How to Read the Numbers on a Lab Report: Blood Pressure, Cholesterol and A1C In-article image	S.T. Stein's adaptation of E.J. Marey's sphygmograph. Process print after a wood engraving. Étienne-Jules Marey; Siegmund Theodor Stein	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
How to Read the Numbers on a Lab Report: Blood Pressure, Cholesterol and A1C In-article image	Blood cells (of a goose or guillemot?): four figures. Ink and crayon, possibly by D. Gascoigne Lillie, ca 1906. Lillie, Denis Gascoigne, 1888-1963.	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
How to Read the Numbers on a Lab Report: Blood Pressure, Cholesterol and A1C Lead image	The anatomy of the heart. Engraving, 1686. Steven Blankaart; Richard Lower; Thomas Bartholin; Gaspard Bauhin	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Which Health Numbers Are Worth Tracking: Three Logs to Keep and Three Tests to Have Measured In-article image	Clocks: mechanism of a pocket watch. Coloured engraving by J. Pass, 1810. Pass, John, active 1797-1815.	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Which Health Numbers Are Worth Tracking: Three Logs to Keep and Three Tests to Have Measured In-article image	A physician taking a lady's pulse. Oil painting after Frans Mieris. Frans van Mieris the Elder	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Which Health Numbers Are Worth Tracking: Three Logs to Keep and Three Tests to Have Measured Lead image	A domestic weather-station: combined thermometer, hygrometer, and barometer. Engraving after B. Martin. Benjamin Martin	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
How to Read a Peptide Certificate of Analysis: What It Shows and What It Can't Tell You In-article image	Chemistry: a balance (top), distillation (centre), and casting (below). Engraving by le Canu [after L.J. Goussier ?]. Louis-Jacques Goussier; Canu, le.	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
How to Read a Peptide Certificate of Analysis: What It Shows and What It Can't Tell You In-article image	Optics: crystals exhibiting interference colours. Colour mezzotint by R.H. Digeon, ca. 1868, after J. Silbermann. Silbermann, J.; Digeon, René Henri, active 1866-1872.	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
How to Read a Peptide Certificate of Analysis: What It Shows and What It Can't Tell You In-article image	Chemistry: chemical apparatus made of glass, metal etc. Coloured engraving by J. Pass, 1801, after H. Lascelles. Lascelles, Henry, active 1800.; Pass, J.	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
How to Read a Peptide Certificate of Analysis: What It Shows and What It Can't Tell You Lead image	Chemistry: chemical apparatus in use, on an ornamental table. Engraving, 17--.	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Peptide Policy Changes Explained: Recategorized Is Not the Same as FDA-Approved In-article image	Personifications of law, medicine and theology argue over the superiority of their respective professions. Engraving by GWHWHNM, ca. 1720.	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Peptide Policy Changes Explained: Recategorized Is Not the Same as FDA-Approved In-article image	An itinerant medicine vendor selling a medicine to a man whose son has a poorly arm. Engraving by P. da Colle after N. Cavalli after F. Maggiotto. Maggiotto, Francesco, 1750-1805.; Nicolò Cavalli; Colle, Pellegrino da, 1737-1812.	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Peptide Policy Changes Explained: Recategorized Is Not the Same as FDA-Approved In-article image	A quack selling medicines. Oil painting.	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Peptide Policy Changes Explained: Recategorized Is Not the Same as FDA-Approved Lead image	A woman with a sword and a balance; representing justice. Etching, 16--. Thomas Jenner	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Preventive Screening Without Giving Away Your Judgment: Colorectal, Blood Pressure, Cholesterol and Diabetes In-article image	Kalender voor 1849, RP-P-1935-300.jpg Rijksmuseum	Rijksmuseum (via Wikimedia Commons) CC0 Cropped and resized
Preventive Screening Without Giving Away Your Judgment: Colorectal, Blood Pressure, Cholesterol and Diabetes In-article image	A physician taking the pulse. Oil painting after Jan Steen. Jan Steen	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Preventive Screening Without Giving Away Your Judgment: Colorectal, Blood Pressure, Cholesterol and Diabetes Lead image	Two ladies visiting a doctor. Wood engraving by G. Du Maurier, 1892. George du Maurier	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Semaglutide, Heart Risk and Kidneys: What SELECT, FLOW and SUSTAIN 6 Showed, and in Whom In-article image	The circulatory system: diagram showing the heart, arteries, lungs and major organs, with a cartoon-style face and hands. Watercolour drawing by J.C. Whishaw, ca. 1853. Whishaw, J. C., 1833-1895.	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Semaglutide, Heart Risk and Kidneys: What SELECT, FLOW and SUSTAIN 6 Showed, and in Whom In-article image	The liver and the kidneys. Engraving, 1686, the third, fourth and fifth figures after G. de Lairesse, 1685. Gerard de Lairesse; Steven Blankaart; Govert Bidloo	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Semaglutide, Heart Risk and Kidneys: What SELECT, FLOW and SUSTAIN 6 Showed, and in Whom Lead image	Human heart: four figures. Engraving by T. Milton, 1814. Thomas Milton	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Do GLP‑1 Medicines Extend Lifespan? No FDA-Approved GLP‑1 Is Labeled for Longevity In-article image	An alchemist's laboratory: a young man drinks an elixir of life while the alchemist is incapacitated. Wood engraving by H.K. Browne (Phiz), 1865. Hablot Knight Browne; William Harrison Ainsworth	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Do GLP‑1 Medicines Extend Lifespan? No FDA-Approved GLP‑1 Is Labeled for Longevity In-article image	The arts of Minerva reduce the power of Time to end life, but death from old age or from plague still exists. Engraving by G. Glover, 1639. George Glover	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Do GLP‑1 Medicines Extend Lifespan? No FDA-Approved GLP‑1 Is Labeled for Longevity Lead image	Crowds of old and infirm people arrive at the fountain of youth to drink the special water; to the left are a group of youthful people dancing and singing, rejuvenated by the spring. Engraving by Boilard, ca. 1720. Boilard, active approximately 1720.	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Using a GLP‑1 Medicine Long Term: How Long Trials Ran, What Labels Warn About, and What Happened After Stopping In-article image	Left, muscles of the head and trunk (front view); right, muscles of the thigh and leg (front view). Coloured drawing, 18--.	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Using a GLP‑1 Medicine Long Term: How Long Trials Ran, What Labels Warn About, and What Happened After Stopping In-article image	Five aged doctors crushed together in consultation. Coloured stipple engraving after L. Boilly, c. 1823. Louis-Léopold Boilly	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Using a GLP‑1 Medicine Long Term: How Long Trials Ran, What Labels Warn About, and What Happened After Stopping Lead image	Mont Blanc: travellers outside the cabin on the Grands Mulets. Wood engraving, 1853, after Albert Smith. Albert Richard Smith	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Opinion: I Think Ibuprofen Killed My Father-in-Law and Made My Friend Deaf In-article image	Four plant stems with catkins, all from named types of willow (Salix species). Chromolithograph by W. Dickes & co., c. 1855. W. Dickes & Co.; William Dickes; Anne Pratt	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Opinion: I Think Ibuprofen Killed My Father-in-Law and Made My Friend Deaf In-article image	The human ear: thirteen figures showing the anatomy of the inner ear. Engraving by T. Milton, 1808. Thomas Milton	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized
Opinion: I Think Ibuprofen Killed My Father-in-Law and Made My Friend Deaf In-article image	Köhler's Medizinal-Pflanzen in naturgetreuen Abbildungen mit kurz erläuterndem Texte (Plate 13) BHL303586.jpg Brandt, Wilhelm; Gürke, M.; Köhler, F. E.; Pabst, G.; Schellenberg, G.; Vogtherr, Max.	Wikimedia Commons Public domain Cropped and resized
Opinion: I Think Ibuprofen Killed My Father-in-Law and Made My Friend Deaf Lead image	The anatomy of the ear. Engraving, 1686. Steven Blankaart; Joseph Guichard Duverney	Wellcome Collection Public domain Cropped and resized